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| This is a wiki page that everybody can edit. Check the [[Android|history|&action=info]] for the last authorized version. If you are a [[http://fellowship.fsfe.org|Fellow of the FSFE]] you can login right now with your usual Fellowship username and password; non-fellows can [[UserGuide#Guest_accounts|create a guest account]]. | |
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| = The Problem = | = About Android and this page = |
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| {{{#!html <div align="center"> <a href="http://FreeYourandroid.org"><img src="https://wiki.fsfe.org/Android?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=FreeYourAndroid.png"></a> </div> }}} Android is an operating system mainly developed by Google. While [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Open_Source_Project#Android_Open_Source_Project |"Android Open Source Project(AOSP)"]] is Free software,mostly under the Apache 2.0 license it is mostly incomplete and cannot provide a decent user experience on devices without the addition of proprietary libraries(without them you will be unable to use you phone as a phone, the GUI will be slow,GPS and camera won't work etc...), and is nearly never shipped as-is on devices: |
Android is an operating system mainly developed by Google. In the time of writing it is by far the most sold operating system on mobile devices with an estimated global market share of around 75%. Unfortunately, the Android Operating System and its technical environment suffers from two main anti-features: * important parts of the default applications as well as the majoritiy of third-party applications are non-free. To put users in control of their technology, the FSFE created the [[https://fsfe.org/activities/android/|Free Your Android]] campaign as early as in 2012. * because Android is devloped by Google but mostly used by third-parties to sell their hardware (Samsung, Huawei, Sony etc.), many devices suffer from software obsolescence. To help users extending their hardware usage time and regain control, the FSFE created the [Upcyling Android campaign]. This page is a wiki page and as a wiki page it serves the knowledge sharing and collection of both of the aforementioned camapaigns. In the subpages you find: |
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| vendors usually uses non-free libraries with on top their modified version of Android, which they usually don't release the source code of(because they are not required to do so by the Apache 2.0 license) with on top non-free applications such as the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_market|Android market]] (the only thing they are required to release is the source of the linux kernel they ship),and sometimes the device is even tivoized. As a consequences most devices sold are running non-free software and must be liberated to give the user the freedom he/she requires. | = Free Your Android! = This page collects information related to FSFE's [[http://FreeYourAndroid.org|Free Your Android Campaign]]. Please start there to get an overview. While the [[WikiPedia:Android_Open_Source_Project#Android_Open_Source_Project|Android Open Source Project (AOSP)]] is Free Software, mostly under the Apache 2.0 license, it is mostly incomplete and cannot provide a decent user experience on devices without the addition of proprietary libraries (without them you will be unable to use your phone as a phone, the GUI will be slow, GPS and camera won't work, and so on). Android is nearly never shipped as-is on devices. Vendors usually use non-free libraries together with their modified version of Android, for which they usually don't release the source code because they are not required to do so under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license, nor are the sources provided for non-free applications such as those found in the [[WikiPedia:Android_market|Android market]]. Consequently, the only source code they are required to release is that of the Linux kernel they are using, and sometimes the device is even [[WikiPedia:Tivoization|"tivoized"]]. As a result, most devices sold are running non-free software and must be liberated to give the user the freedom he/she requires. Besides all this, due to the hardware architecture of some devices using Qualcomm system-on-a-chip technology, the liberation of a device may have a very limited effect since the hardware can still spy on you: the modem (a device which communicates with the GSM infrastructure) always runs non-free software and may exert another level of control and/or surveillance over the phone. More information is available in an [[http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html|article]] written by Richard Stallman. |
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| Beside, due to the hardware architecture of some devices using qualcomm System on a chip,liberating may have a very limited effect since the hardware can still spy on you: the modem which is a device which interfaces with the GSM towers always runs non-free software has too much control over the phone. | |
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| This page collects information related [[http://FreeYourandroid.org|FSFE's Free Your Android Campaign]]. | |
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| More informations is available [[www.gnu.org/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html|In the Article written by Richard Stallman]] = Free Your Android! = == Replicant with the Nexus S == If you have a nexus S the more efficient way to free your device is to install Replicant on it. Replicant takes cyanogenmod and replace or remove the non-free libraries, and ship an android market alternative(named Fdroid) permitting to install only free applications. The Nexus S is currently the Android phone that respects the most your freedom if used with Replicant(There are other phones that are even better freedom wise(like the openmoko freerunner) but they are not meant for running Android). === The good === * The Modem is isolated and doesn't control the sound card nor the GPS and cannot read/write the Main CPU(the one running Android) memory, and cannot access the main CPU filesystem if used with replicant. === The Bad === * Wifi and bluetooth functionalites depend on a non-free firmware * The bootloader is proprietary and partially signed and hard to replace. * To be able to use the modem(necessary for phone calls) a firmware needs to be loaded in the modem CPU, however such firmware is already present on the storage of the phone, beside loading the firmware ensure that the modem cannot access the main CPU filesystem if used with Replicant. == Replicant with the htc dream or the nexus one == If you have a qualcomm device you should consider buying a Nexus S, but if you can't you should install Replicant on it: The non-free libraries present on theses phones contains spying. Installing replicant which replaces or remove theses libraries ensure that you don't get spyed by theses libraries, however the modem(which is the device that interface with the GSM towers) runs non-free software and controls your "sound card" (think about the implications of non-free software controlling your microphone), your GPS, and can read/write on the main CPU memory. That's why it's a second-choice solution. Note that the Nexus One requires firmwares for making phone calls while the htc dream doesn't. The nexus one is compatible with replicant 2.2 and 2.3 while the htc dream is compatible only with replicant 2.2 and below. == CyanogenMod == If you cannot buy a nexus S and that your phone is not supported by Replicant but is supported by cyanogenmod you should consider installing cyanogenmod, but without installing the google applications and installing FDroid instead. That will ensure that only free software applications will run on top of cyanogenMod which is partially free(it ships non-free libraries). Note that here is a DRM provider app that you can [[http://wiki.cyanogenmod.com/wiki/Barebones|remove]]. == FDroid == The last choice is to install [[http://fdroid.org/|FDroid]], it's very easy to do and give access only to free applications. Note that it doesn't require root permissions and is very easy to install, even without the command line. = The Apps = == Apps That Still Need To Be Liberated == Please add apps here that have no free counterpart, but are important to have on a free system. People can contact the authors of those apps and ask them why they are not Free Software. * '''Public Transport''' App ([[https://market.android.com/search?q=public+transportation&c=apps&sort=0|market search]]) * [[http://oeffi.schildbach.de/index.html|Öffi]] is a very popular app which builds upon a [[http://code.google.com/p/public-transport-enabler/|Free Software library]] by the same author. * '''Menstruation Calendar''' and Calculator ([[https://market.android.com/search?q=menstrual&c=apps&sort=0|market search]]) * [[http://www.efrac.com/calendar/|Menstruation Ovulation Period]] ([[https://market.android.com/details?id=com.efrac.Calendar2|market]]) * [[http://christian-albert-mueller.com/mydays/|My Days – Period Tracker]] ([[https://market.android.com/details?id=com.chris.mydays|market]]) * [[http://www.dr-hein.com//64/Health_Services/moblie_apps/|Menstruationskalender Lite]] ([[https://market.android.com/details?id=com.drhein.healthservices.menstruationlite|market]]) * [[http://witiz.com/apps/menstrual-calendar/|Menstrual Calendar]] ([[https://market.android.com/details?id=com.guillaumegranger.mc|market]]) * '''All-round-Backup''' (You can only [[http://wiki.cyanogenmod.com/wiki/Howto:_Nandroid_Backup|backup your entire flash]] with !CyanogenMod's bootloader or use [[http://f-droid.org/repository/browse/?fdfilter=backup|apps]] that backup only some data) * [[http://www.matrixrewriter.com/android/|Titanium Backup]] ([[https://market.android.com/details?id=com.keramidas.TitaniumBackup|market]]) * [[http://www.rerware.com/Android-Backup/|MyBackup]] ([[https://market.android.com/details?id=com.rerware.android.MyBackup|market]]) * [please add your candidates here] === Responses to Objections We've Heard from App Developers === We already collected objections and responses on [[http://FreeYourandroid.org|FSFE's Free Your Android Campaign]]. If you know more, please add them here. * [please add here] ---- Portions of this page are modifications based on work created and shared by Google and used according to terms described in the [[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/|Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution License]]. Android is a trademark of Google Inc. |
[[Category/Activities]] |
About Android and this page
Android is an operating system mainly developed by Google. In the time of writing it is by far the most sold operating system on mobile devices with an estimated global market share of around 75%. Unfortunately, the Android Operating System and its technical environment suffers from two main anti-features:
important parts of the default applications as well as the majoritiy of third-party applications are non-free. To put users in control of their technology, the FSFE created the Free Your Android campaign as early as in 2012.
- because Android is devloped by Google but mostly used by third-parties to sell their hardware (Samsung, Huawei, Sony etc.), many devices suffer from software obsolescence. To help users extending their hardware usage time and regain control, the FSFE created the [Upcyling Android campaign].
This page is a wiki page and as a wiki page it serves the knowledge sharing and collection of both of the aforementioned camapaigns. In the subpages you find:
Free Your Android!
This page collects information related to FSFE's Free Your Android Campaign. Please start there to get an overview.
While the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) is Free Software, mostly under the Apache 2.0 license, it is mostly incomplete and cannot provide a decent user experience on devices without the addition of proprietary libraries (without them you will be unable to use your phone as a phone, the GUI will be slow, GPS and camera won't work, and so on). Android is nearly never shipped as-is on devices.
Vendors usually use non-free libraries together with their modified version of Android, for which they usually don't release the source code because they are not required to do so under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license, nor are the sources provided for non-free applications such as those found in the Android market. Consequently, the only source code they are required to release is that of the Linux kernel they are using, and sometimes the device is even "tivoized". As a result, most devices sold are running non-free software and must be liberated to give the user the freedom he/she requires.
Besides all this, due to the hardware architecture of some devices using Qualcomm system-on-a-chip technology, the liberation of a device may have a very limited effect since the hardware can still spy on you: the modem (a device which communicates with the GSM infrastructure) always runs non-free software and may exert another level of control and/or surveillance over the phone.
More information is available in an article written by Richard Stallman.